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Bulk cargo is used primarily in two industries - construction and agriculture. In most cases, prompt delivery to the place of its application is necessary, so all available methods are used: delivery by water, delivery of goods by road and via railway. Transportation of bulk cargo cannot be carried out using various types of transport, but the procedure itself must be carried out according to certain rules, which are directly prescribed in existing regulations.

What are bulk cargoes?

Bulk substances are a homogeneous substance, which is characterized by a certain degree of flowability. Such cargoes are divided into two types:

• Bulk ones that pour out without outside help.
• Bulk. Special mechanisms are used for unloading.

In general, the following materials can be classified as bulk cargo:

• salt;
• sugar;
• expanded clay;
• coal;
• priming;
• corn;
• various fertilizers;
• crushed stone;
• sand, etc.

Types of bulk cargo

The process of transporting this kind of material is not just delivery from point A to point B. There are certain rules for transportation, which we will talk about in a little more detail.

Efficiency

You can be sure that we will be able to deliver bulk cargo to its destination as quickly as possible, because we always try to make the route the shortest and safest of all existing options. This is what saves time on transportation. We also employ truly experienced drivers who have been driving trucks for many years, so they are able to provide fast and guaranteed safe transportation.

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By contacting us, you will get a unique opportunity to transport any bulk cargo throughout the country on truly favorable terms. You are guaranteed to receive prompt transportation by freight transport without the risk of cargo damage. At the same time, you will not have to overpay, because the company sets really economical prices.

When ordering a large volume of work, prices may be lower! Opportunity to work 24 hours a day, seven days a week!

* price including VAT * we can accept any form of payment convenient for you.

Basic rules for transporting bulk cargo

Such issues are regulated by the “Charter of Road Transport and Urban Ground Electric Transport”. According to the third article, the transportation of bulk cargo must be carried out on the basis of the following rules:

• The surface of the bulk material should not be higher than the level of the sides of the body of the vehicle that carries out transportation. Otherwise, there is a risk of spilling onto the road.
• Preventing spillage is the main task of the party that carries out the transportation. To prevent this, a special covering (canopy) is used to cover it.
• Transportation of bulk substances in a container without packaging is strictly prohibited.
• The transported cargo must have a mass that does not exceed the carrying capacity of the transport itself.

Compliance with these rules allows you to avoid many problems during the delivery process. First of all, the company does not incur losses, because it delivers the full volume safe and sound. In addition, spillage can result not only in losses, but also in creating an emergency situation on the road, as well as damage to the road surface.

What transport is used?

According to the charter, there are no special requirements for the type of transport carrying out transportation. This can be a truck, dump truck or other types of vehicles whose carrying capacity allows them to transport large volumes of goods. However, for the transportation of bulk substances only vehicles that meet the basic requirements are used, i.e. its body is sealed enough to transport this kind of goods.

The rules for transporting bulk cargo by dump trucks on public roads include several requirements. Thus, the dump truck must be equipped with a special stretching awning made of dense material. The purpose of this awning is to completely isolate the property being transported, so it must be very securely attached to the body.

In some cases, the absence of an awning is allowed if the surface does not exceed the level of the body sides. But even in this case, the goods must be covered with a special canopy made of thick rubberized fabric or tarpaulin. All these precautions are necessary to avoid spilling onto the road. In this case, we are talking not only about possible damage to the road surface, but also a danger to humans and animals, because some bulk cargo includes toxic elements.

Transportation of bulk cargo on a dump truck with an awning

Naturally, if the transportation of goods by road is not carried out according to the rules, then this entails a certain responsibility. At the same time, not only the dump truck driver himself is fined, but also his immediate superior. In addition, the transportation company itself, as a legal entity, will be punished.

If the company continues to commit such violations, then the matter will not be limited to fines. In this case, the company may be temporarily prohibited from engaging in such activities until it corrects all violations in transportation.

The rules for transporting bulk cargo by motor transport on the roads of industrial enterprises allow for the absence of an awning and canopy. But even here, the level of the transported cargo should be below the level of the sides of the body for basic reasons of economy. If the vehicle has to cross the road of a populated area, which is typical when enterprise divisions are located in different places, then the vehicle must already meet the requirements for public roads.

Dump truck rental by shift for transportation of bulk cargo

Bulk cargo differs from regular cargo in that it is especially vulnerable if the carrier's equipment is not in the best condition. You can rest assured that all of our cars, trucks and other vehicles are in perfect condition and ready for such use. All vehicles are equipped with the necessary finishing, which will help facilitate and secure the transportation of bulk cargo. With us, you don’t have to worry about the safety of the cargo being transported, because we always take care of the contents of the luggage compartments.

The rental price includes the following services:

• delivery of the vehicle to the loading site
• loaded and idle car rental
• covering the cargo with a special canopy
• operator work, fuel

Additional services:

• mechanical loading
• preparation of additional documentation

The conditions for transporting bulk cargo by rail are regulated by Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 281 dated September 26, 2016. In addition to the basic requirements, paragraph 1 contains a reference to Federal Law No. 18 “Charter of Railway Transport”, Article 3, which defines the conditions for the transportation of such goods.

According to clause 2 of Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 281, bulk cargo includes goods from the list contained in Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 294 dated September 19, 2013.

In accordance with the requirements of the above documents, transportation “in bulk and in bulk” in this case can only be carried out in relation to these items listed in the form of 584 items.

In addition to the list, there are a number of other conditions that play an important role:

1. During transportation, the physical properties, geometric dimensions and packaging of the cargo must be observed (clause 3).
2. If the cargo does not require protection from precipitation, transportation in open rolling stock or in a specialized open car is allowed (clause 7).
3. A wagon submitted for loading must have a working loading device, hatch covers with seals that prevent spillage of fine cargo, and working blocking elements designed to prevent the opening of a hatch or door without breaking the integrity of the seals. In order to prevent violation of safety rules when transporting small cargo, the carrier or customer must take measures to prevent cargo from spilling while traveling along the route (clause 9).
4. Requirements for the transportation of certain types of grain cargo and crops are fulfilled according to the recommendations of Article 3 of Federal Law No. 18, which equates them to baggage and hand luggage, that is, it provides for transportation only in a covered wagon or container (clause 10).

From this we can conclude that bulk materials can be transported in open platforms, without an awning, only if there is no likelihood of them being damaged or blown out during movement.

For example:

• gypsum and expanded clay must be protected from getting wet;
• sand must be protected from blowing out, as it is a dust-producing load;
• gravel, crushed stone or coal can be transported open.

Failure to comply with these conditions may result in serious losses. Starting from paying the fine under Art. 11.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation and ending with compensation for possibly damaged or lost cargo.

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The rules for transporting bulk cargo by road are primarily regulated by 2 documents:

1. “General rules for the transportation of goods by road”, approved by the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR, section 26 “Rules for the transportation of goods in bulk”, as amended on May 21, 2007.
2. Government Decree No. 272 ​​dated April 15, 2011.

If the Resolution only indirectly touches on the topic of bulk cargo, highlighting the general conditions of cargo transportation, then the document, inherited from Soviet times, contains quite a lot of interesting information.

Rules from the “General Rules for the Transportation of Goods by Road” approved by the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR:

1. The conditions apply to the transportation of ores, construction materials, and metallurgical waste. Do not apply to agricultural cargo (paragraph 1).
2. Loading of bulk materials must be carried out mechanically, with the condition that the weight of the load in one bucket is no more than one third of the permissible loading capacity of the platform. The minimum distance from the bottom of the body to the loading mechanism is 1 m (paragraph 2).
3. At the time of loading, the driver must be outside the truck cab. The excavator operator is prohibited from moving the bucket over the dump truck cab (paragraph 3).
4. The consignee is obliged to clear the body of cargo residues after complete unloading (paragraph 4).
5. The procedure for filing for loading is stipulated by the parties in the annual contract, the method of indicating the installation location and the sound signals used for this are determined (paragraph 5).
6. The shipper is obliged to comply with safety regulations by fulfilling the following conditions (paragraph 6):
   fencing the roadway located inside the quarry
7. provision of sliders for truck wheels if the loading area is inclined
8. prepare the road surface in a timely manner for the smooth movement of vehicles
9. wet the road at the quarry to reduce dust
10. control the content of concentrated gases within normal limits.
11. Reception and delivery of bulk materials is carried out using weighing. If the recipient is unable to determine the weight, the reception can occur visually, based on the total volume. In some situations, the carrier may be exempt from delivering the cargo to the recipient, for example when removing snow (paragraph 8).
12. Cargo transportation of homogeneous bulk materials is issued with one consignment note, which indicates the category “Transportation of cargo in bulk” (paragraph 9).

The loss of bulk cargo during transportation can be explained by the following reasons:

1. Theft (loss, loss, seizure). In this case, there is a characteristic visual absence of cargo in the body or container.
2. A deficiency implies the partial absence of a part.
3. Damage or deterioration is accompanied by the presence of obvious or hidden quality defects.

In all cases, responsibility for the integrity of the cargo falls on the carrier. To determine the degree of his guilt, a commission may be appointed to determine the loss coefficient in accordance with Federal Law No. 14 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation dated December 5, 2017. Art. 796 “Responsibility of the carrier...”.

The identified reasons can be of various specifics, ranging from fraudulent actions of third parties to the negligence of the cargo carrier.

Mainly affected by the following circumstances:

1. Spilling through cracks and cracks in the body.
2. Wind erosion.
3. The container or packaging does not comply with the specifics of the cargo being transported.
4. In railway transport, the cause may be the impact of the car axles when starting off, as a result of pushing maneuvers on the sorting line.
5. Sea and river - when caught in a storm.

Natural losses during the transportation of bulk cargo are defined as a decrease in weight under the influence of biological, physicochemical properties. This is possible even if all necessary requirements are met during transportation.

An example is a situation where river sand is transported:

• it is mined immediately before loading;
• at the time of loading it is quite wet, which significantly increases the weight;
• During transportation, it partially erodes and dries out; this can significantly reduce the weight of the cargo.

In this case, you should pay attention to the text of Chapter VI, paragraph 78 of Government Decree No. 272 ​​of April 15, 2011. Determination of the weight of cargo transported using several consignment notes to different destinations is carried out for the entire shipment simultaneously.

This takes into account compliance with the standards of natural loss, which is determined in the prescribed manner. Transportation of bulk cargo is complicated by a specific condition that is prone to possible fallout and loss due to carrier errors.

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To avoid misunderstandings during the transportation process, it is recommended to be guided by the previously presented requirements, compiled from an analysis of legislative documents. This will not only avoid fines along the way, but will also reduce the likelihood of more serious problems occurring.